LIÇÃO 5

IMPERATIVE - SIMPLE FUTURE & TIME CLAUSES

Oi galerinha, nessa quinta aula aprenderemos sobre alguns verbos na forma imperativa, o tempo verbal Simple Future e também Sobre os Time Clauses.

Leia o texto abaixo.
Nice and quiet again

A gentleman is sitting quietly in a first-class compartment. Two ladies get in. One of them sees that the window is open, and she shuts it before sitting down.

- Open it again. (says the second lady). - I´ll die of suffocation if thre is no fresh air.

- I won´t open it. (says the first lady). - I´ll die of cold if the window is open.

A quarrel starts,and it continues until the gentleman speaks: - Let´s have the window shut until this lady dies of suffocation, and then we can have it open until this lady dies of cold. After that it will be nice and quiet in here again.

Vocabulary

Nice - Agradável                                     Before - Antes (de)                     Quiet - Calmo / Quieto
If there is no... - Se não houver              Quietly - Calmamente                  Quarrel - Briga / Discussão
Gentleman - Senhor / Cavalheiro            To start - Começar                      To get in - Entrar
Until - Até (que)                                      That (conj.) Que                          Let´s - Vamos
To shut - Fechar                                      To have - Ter / Manter                To open - Abrir

Testing Comprehension and Vocaburaly

1. De respostas completas em inglês para as seguintes perguntas:

a) What is the gentleman doing ?

b) Is he on a bus, a plane or a train ?

c) Who gets in ?

d) What does the first lady do before sitting down ?

e) What does the other lady say when she sees the window shut ?

f) What will happen to the second lady if there is no fresh air ?

g) What will happen to the first lady if the window is open ?

h) What do the two ladies start ?

2. Procure no texto os sinônimos para as seguintes palavras:

a) Calmly        b) To enter        c) Closed       d) To begin     e ) Pleasant       f) Silent


3. Completar as frases abaixo com o vocabulário do texto:

a) You can _______________a speech saying _________________and gentleman.

b) When we go out, we have the door __________________. Then thieves won´t ______  _______.

c) When I arrive home, I like to open the ________________to get some ______________   ________.

Dificuldades Especiais

Uso do There is / There are / It is

There is no fresh air .

  ↑____________ ↑             Ulitiza-se There is quando o substantivo for singular

            Singular

There are two ladies in the first-class compartment.

   ↑___________↑

             Plural                          Utiliza-se There are quando o substantivo for plural

It is nice and quiet in here. à Situação

It is raining. à Fenômenos da natureza

It is four o´clock. à Hora / Tempo

It is three miles from here. àEspaço

Exercícios

1. Preencha os espaço em branco com there is ou there are.

a) _______________two girls in the room.

b) ______________a gentleman sitting quietly there.

c) ______________ an window in the compartment.

d) ______________ten notebooks on the table.

e) ______________no soap in the kitchen.

2. Preencha os espaços em branco com It ou There.

a) _____________ is a book on the table.

b) _____________ is two blocks from here.

c) _____________ is cold.

d) ______________ is winter now.

e) ______________ is Tuesday.

f) _______________is a window in the room.

g) ______________is dark.

h) _______________ is snowing.

i) ________________is 6 o´clock.

j) _______________is a long way to the park.

IMPERATIVE

Assista ao vídeo abaixo:

Affirmative

OPEN the window

LET´S shut it.

O imperativo afirmativo é formado com o verbo no infinitivo sem a partícula TO ou Let´s + Infinitivo sem a partícula TO.

Negative

DON´T OPEN the window.

LET`S NOT shut it.

O imperativo negativo é formado com o DON`T + o verbo no infinitivo sem a partícula TO ou LET`S + NOT + o verbo no infinitivo sem a partícula TO.

O imperativo expressa geralmente ordens, pedidos ou convites. Please pode aparecer no início ou no final da frase.

Please sit down !            Get up, please !

Exercícios

1. Reescreva as seguintes frases no Affirmative Imperative, usando PLEASE.

a) Tell her to shut the window.

b) Tell her to get in.

c) Tell her to start the lesson.

d) Tell her to be quiet.

e) Tell her to stand up.

2. Passe para a Negative Imperative.

a) Pay a visit to the man.

b) Finish your dinner.

c) Bring the manager of the hotel.

d) Let´s play chess.

e) Let´s clean the kitchen.

Simple Future

Veja o exemplo do verbo to have

               AFFIRMATIVE                                           NEGATIVE                                       INTERROGATIVE             

I                WILL      HAVE	I               WILL NOT HAVE	WILL             I                HAVE
YOU         WILL      HAVE	YOU        WILL NOT HAVE	WILL             YOU         HAVE
HE            WILL      HAVE	HE           WILL NOT HAVE	WILL             HE            HAVE
SHE          WILL      HAVE	SHE         WILL NOT HAVE	WILL             SHE          HAVE
IT              WILL      HAVE	IT             WILL NOT HAVE	WILL              IT             HAVE
WE           WILL      HAVE	WE          WILL NOT HAVE	WILL              WE          HAVE
YOU         WILL      HAVE	YOU        WILL NOT HAVE	WILL              YOU        HAVE
THEY        WILL      HAVE	THEY       WILL NOT HAVE	WILL             THEY        HAVE
Sujeito + Will + verbo principal sem a partícula TO	Sujeito + Will + NOT + verbo principal sem a partícula TO	Will   +    sujeito + verbo principal sem a partícula TO

Veja também outros exemplos:

I shall shut the window.                          We shall die of suffocation.

I will shut the window.                             We will die of suffocation.

Shall também é usado com os pronomes I e We para indicar o tempo Simple Future.

Prestem atenção nas duas frases abaixo:

I´ll die of cold.    I won´t open the window.

As abreviações ´ll (will ou shall) e won´t (will not) podem ser usadas em linguagem informal.

O Simple Future é usado para expressar ações que ainda vão ocorrer. Os seguintes advérbios ou locuções adverbiais são normalmente usados com ações futuras.

Tomorrow = Amanhã                    Next week = Próxima semana

Tonight = Hoje a Noite                 Soon = Em Breve

The Day After Tomorrow = Depois de Amanhã

Next Month = Próximo Mês

Next Year = Próximo Ano

In Within + Tempo à In a Year

Within Two Months

Attention:

Those ladies are going to start a quarrel next time.

The first lady is going to die of cold.

The second lady is going to die of suffocation.

O PRESENT CONTINUOUS das frases anteriores (ARE GOING TO / IS GOING TO + O VERBO PRINCIPAL) também exprime ações futuras.

TIME CLAUSES

Em orações introduzidas por conjunções temporais, em que há ideia de futuro, usa-se o Simple Present e não o Simple Future. Exemplos de conjunções temporais: After, As, As Soon As, Before, By the Time, The Moment, Until (till), When, Whenever, While.

Veja as orações abaixo:

It will be nice and quiet in here after the two ladies leave.

After = Conjunção temporal  = Depois (futuro)

Leave (partir) --> Simple Present  = a conjunção já deu a ideia de que o acontecimento será no futuro.

As soon as quarrel starts, he will leave.

As soon as = Conjunção temporal = (assim que) --> indicação de futuro

Starts (iniciar) = Simple Present, pois a conjunção anterior já indica que a ação ocorrerá no futuro.

RESUMO

AÇÕES FUTURAS 

1. Simple Future
2. Present Continuous do verbo TO GO + INFINITIVO COM A PARTÍCULA TO
3. Present Continuous ( com verbos de movimento)
4. Simple Present (em orações adverbiais temporais)

Exercícios

1. Transforme os verbos das orações abaixo em Simple Future, conforme o exemplo:

Exemplo: She generally leaves at five. ( at seven tomorrow)

                 She will leave at seven tomorrow.

a) They usually finish wort at six. ( at four next Friday)

b) It always starts at eight. ( at ten the day after tomorrow )

c) She often brings coffee at two. (at three next week)

d) We generally arrive at school at seven. (at nine next Monday)

2. Reescreva as frases seguintes, usando ( AM, ARE, IS ) GOING TO. Siga o exemplo.

Exemplo: She will travel next weekend.

                 She is going to travel next weekend.

a) It will rain within two days.

b) I shall meet Bob next Sunday.

c) Paul will take me to dinner tonight.

d) You will do your homework tomorrow.

e) They will ride their bicycles this afternoon.

3. Preencha os espaços em branco com o SIMPLE FUTURE, SIMPLE PRESENT ou IMPERATIVE.

a) In future Ed____________(to visit) Mrs. Scott whenever he _____________(to have) time.

b) By the time she _____________(to arrive) home, I _____________(to be) at school.

c) As soon as Paul _____________(to finish) the exercises, we ______________(to leave).

d) ______________(to close) the window when it ____________(to get) dark.

e) As people____________(to grow) older they_____________(to become) less active.

f) I _____________(to stay) here until the rain _______________(to stop).

g) _____________(to buy) some candy after the show___________(to be) over.

h) We ____________(to pay) you the moment she_______________(to bring) the money.

i) ______________(to learn) English before you_____________(to go) to England.

j) While _______________(there to be) life, ________________(there to be) hope.

4. Passe para a interrogativa e negativa.

a) There is a lady in the kitchen.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
b) It is hot.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
c) There are five books on the table.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
d) They will be here soon.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
e) She is going to have breakfast at 6 o´clock tomorrow.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________

5. Verta para o inglês:

a) Vamos jantar fora ! Entrem no carro!

b) Ele vai jogar xadrez no próximo sábado.

c) Abrirei a janela quando ela chegar.

d) Traga o gerente assim que a discussão começar.

O próximo vídeoclipe mostra bem o Simple Future em música.

O cantor é Jack Johnson e a música é We´re going to be friends. 

We're Going To Be Friends Fall is here, hear the yell Back to school, ring the bell Brand new shoes, walking blues Climb the fence, books and pens I can tell that we are going to be friends Yes I can tell that we are going to be friends Walk with me Suzy Lee Through the park and by the tree We can rest upon the ground And look at all the bugs we've found Safely walk to school without a sound We safely walk to school without a sound Well here we are no one else We walk to school all by ourselves There's dirt on our uniforms From chasing all the ants and worms We clean up and now it's time to learn We clean up and now it's time to learn Numbers letters learn to spell Nouns and books and show and tell Play time we will throw the ball Then back to class through the hall The teacher marks our height against the wall The teacher marks our height against the wall And we don't notice any time pass Because we don't notice anything And we sit side by side in every class The teacher thinks that I sound funny But she likes it when you sing Tonight I'll dream in my bed While silly thoughts run through my head Of the bugs and alphabet And when I wake tomorrow I'll bet That you and I will walk together again Because I can tell that we are going to be friends I can tell that we are going to be friends

Nós seremos amigos O outono chegou, escute o aceno de retorno a escola, o sinal toca novos sapatos, caminhada triste subi a cerca, livros e canetas Nós iremos ser amigos Sim eu posso dizer que nos iremos ser amigos Caminhe comigo Suzy Lee Pelo parque e perto da árvore Nós podemos descansar sob o solo E olhe todos os bichos que nós encontrarmos Ande com segurança até a escolas em fazer barulho Nós andamos com segurança até a escola sem fazer barulho Bem aqui nós não somos ninguém Nós caminhamos pela escola sozinhos Há sujo em nossos uniformes POr perseguir todas as formigas e minhocas Nós os limpamos e agora é hora de aprender Nós os limpamos e agora é hora de aprender Números letras aprender a soletrar Substantivos e livros e apresentar e contar Hora de brincar nos iremos jogar bola Depois de volta para a aula pelo hall Os professores marcam nossa altura na parede Os professores marcam nossa altura na parede Nós não notamnos o tempo passar Porque nós não notamos nada E nós lado a lado toda aula O professor acha que eu pareco engraçado Mas ela gosta quando você canta hoje à noite eu vou sonhar na minha cama Enquanto pensamentos bobos passam na minha cabeça Os bichos e o alfabeto E quando eu acordar amanhã eu apostarei Que você e eu iremos caminhar juntos de novo Porque eu posso lhe dizer que nós iremos ser amigos Nós iremos ser amigos